How to identify a prime number without a computer

scientificamerican.com
how-to-identify-a-prime-number-without-a-computer

Is 170,141,183,460,469,231,731,687,303,715,884,105,727 prime? Before you ask the Internet for an answer, can you consider how you might answer that question without a computer or even a digital calculator? In the 1800s French mathematician Édouard Lucas spent years proving that this … Read more

How to Identify a Scientific Fact

blog.oup.com
how-to-identify-a-scientific-fact

When do we have a scientific fact? Scientists, policymakers, and laypersons could all use an answer to this question. But despite its obvious importance, humanity lacks a good answer. The renowned biologist Ernst Mayr was one scientist—probably one of many—frustrated by the … Read more